The 21st Birthday Eligibility Cutoff for SIJS
Under current USCIS regulations, any person under 21 years of age who otherwise meets the eligibility requirements may be granted SIJS. This practice alert addresses many of the unsuccessful arguments that USCIS has not accepted when a petition received by USCIS after the youth turns 21. In rare cases, USCIS has accepted petitions received after the petitioner’s 21st birthday when there is proof that the petition was improperly rejected or receipted by USCIS before the deadline. This practice alert primarily focuses on USCIS Administrative Appeals Office (AAO) decisions and limited federal
Understanding Child Detention in the U.S.
While U.S. immigration laws provide certain special protections to children migrating without a parent or legal guardian on account of their vulnerabilities, these laws and policies fall short of both domestic and international child welfare principles. Those impacted by and involved with U.S. systems for responding to child migrants have known for years that they do not meet the needs of most children. This resource aims to demonstrate that a different approach to how the United States welcomes migrant children, particularly as relates to their time in government custody/detention, is not
EOIR Regulation Limits Retroactivity of Matter of Thomas & Thompson Regarding Sentence Modifications
On October 25, 2019, the Attorney General published Matter of Thomas & Thompson holding that adjudicators could only recognize a sentence modification for immigration purposes where the sentence was vacated due to procedural or substantive defect as defined in Matter of Pickering. It was not clear whether this holding was retroactive. Under new DOJ regulations it is now clear that Matter of Thomas & Thompson is not retroactive. Adjudicators will recognize a sentence modification as vacating the sentence for immigration purposes where: (1) the person filed for the sentence modification on or
Criminalizing Immigration: The Influence of SB 4, Texas's Regressive State Deportation Law
Over the past few years, Texas has led the nation in cruel attempts to criminalize and punish immigrants and noncitizens. The infamous Texas state deportation law, SB 4, is an integral part of the dangerous and unconstitutional Operation Lone Star and is one of the most controversial and extreme pieces of legislation that targets immigrants and noncitizens in the United States. In 2024, state legislatures across the country have proposed bills that further expand the already vast and punishing criminal-legal system by requiring local law enforcement to carry out federal immigration enforcement
Prosecutorial Discretion in Removal Proceedings Part 1: Strategies for Seeking Prosecutorial Discretion During Uncertain Times
Part 1 of this 2-part advisory provides updates on DHS’s prosecutorial discretion in removal proceedings and explores the various factors that advocates should consider when deciding whether to seek a favorable exercise of discretion from the ICE Office of the Principal Legal Advisor (OPLA). Part 1 also highlights new regulations and discusses how the upcoming presidential election may impact prosecutorial discretion.
Prosecutorial Discretion in Removal Proceedings Part 2: Navigating Unfavorable Exercises of Discretion in Removal Proceedings
Part 2 of this 2-part advisory explores some of the unexpected consequences of PD policies adopted by the ICE Office of the Principal Legal Advisor (OPLA) that can prejudice noncitizens in removal proceedings, including the practice of moving to dismiss proceedings over respondents’ objections and failing to appear at hearings.
Unofficial Notes from USCIS Stakeholder Call on VAWA, U, and T Issues
AILA, ILRC, CAST, Lucas & Barba LLP, Urban Justice Center, Her Justice, and ASISTA coordinated a stakeholder meeting on May 8, 2023. These unofficial notes capture the questions asked and general information shared by USCIS staff.
Expose and Disrupt
The “Expose and Disrupt” guide illustrates how immigrant rights advocates can use state Public Records Act (PRA) requests to fight back against immigration enforcement. Strategic PRA requests can peel back the curtain on ways state and local agencies work together with immigration authorities to reinforce the deportation machinery and traumatize our communities. The guide explains the mechanics of requesting public records, strategies on what information can be useful for campaigns to stop or limit immigration enforcement, and includes examples of what kinds of records exist.
Family-Based Adjustment of Status Options
Noncitizens who are seeking to obtain Lawful Permanent Residence via family members can do so using two processes—consular processing at a United States consulate or embassy in the person’s home country, or through adjustment of status at a United States Citizenship and Immigration Services (“USCIS”) office in the United States. For those already in the United States, adjustment of status is preferable because they do not have to worry about traveling abroad, triggering the unlawful presence inadmissibility grounds that are triggered by a departure, separating from their family, and are able
Documents for Parole in Place under Keeping Families Together
This advisory describes supporting documentation for the Parole in Place program under Keeping Families Together. The adjudications for this program are currently on pause due to litigation. Persons hoping to apply should the program resume may gather and prepare supporting documents in advance.
Overview, Tips, and Considerations When Applying for Keeping Families Together Parole in Place for Spouses and Stepchildren of U.S. Citizens
This practice advisory describes the new “Keeping Families Together” parole in place process for certain spouses and stepchildren of U.S. citizens including what exactly is it and what you get if approved. It also details the eligibility requirements and application process as well as addressing some of the more “in the weeds” issues such as if the USC spouse is deceased, common law marriages, the different presumptions that apply depending on the applicant’s criminal history or if they have an unexecuted final removal order, and what happens if the applicant has already started consular
Special Parole Programs Practice Advisory
The advisory provides information and updates on various parole programs including Uniting for Ukraine, Operation Allies Welcome, CHNV Parole, Family Reunification Parole, CAM Parole, and Parole in Place.
Template Brief on Why California Cannabis Convictions on or after 11/9/2016 are not Grounds for Removal
Since November 9, 2016, the definition of cannabis under California law is different and broader than the federal definition. Therefore, a California conviction for cannabis from on or after that date is arguably not a controlled substance conviction under federal immigration law. No court has yet made a finding on this issue for California offenses, but they have done so in other states with similar cannabis definitions. This template brief can be used to file a Motion to Terminate Proceedings or to file an Opposition to a Motion to Pretermit Proceedings (where the client is applying for
Proposition 36 Is Bad for Immigrants. This is Why.
Prop 47 (2014) reclassified six felony offenses to misdemeanors, including shoplifting and simple drug possession, and funneled costs savings into safety measures like drug and mental health treatment and victim services centers. Proposed Prop 36 (November 2024) would roll back those reforms and add new criminal penalties and sentencing enhancements. Prop 36 will also impose severe immigration consequences on immigrants and their families. It will result in more Californians being deported and more families being separated. This resource provides some of the specific examples of the ways in
Toolkit: Legislative Advocacy
This toolkit is for advocates looking for guidance on how to engage in legislative advocacy, also known as lobbying. Legislative advocacy is building support for an issue or cause that you believe in through engaging legislators and advocating for or against certain legislation, or proposed laws. The aim of legislative advocacy is to influence the outcome of a legislator’s vote on a proposed legislation or a bill. This type of advocacy can also be for the purpose of building a legislative champion and public voice on the issue you care about.
ILRC Comments on Proposed Changes to T Visa Forms
On August 12, 2024, ILRC provided comments to USCIS on proposed changes to the application forms for T Nonimmigrant status. The comment urged USCIS to make additional changes to the form including removing the requirement for disclosure of juvenile adjudications and vacated criminal records and implementing uniform confidentiality and privacy language on the forms to ensure that the applicant’s sensitive information is protected.
Tags: U Visa/T Visa/VAWA
ILRC Comments on Recent Changes to Acquisition of Citizenship Changes in USCIS Policy Manual
On August 12, ILRC provided feedback to USCIS on recent changes made to the acquisition of citizenship portion of the USCIS policy manual. ILRC commended the agency for providing clarity in some of the sections and provided suggested language that should be incorporated into the policy manual to ensure that all eligible applicants – including those who were previously denied and are now eligible due to changes to USCIS policy – are able to access the process now and obtain proof of their acquired citizenship.
Bridging the Gap For Immigrant Survivors
Immigrant survivors of domestic violence face significant barriers in seeking both domestic violence support services and immigration legal assistance. Lack of lawful status, fear of deportation, and language barriers make it difficult for immigrant survivors to access critical services. These challenges can be even more acute in underserved and rural areas, such as California’s San Joaquin Valley. This project aims to fortify the economic stability of immigrant survivors of domestic violence in California’s rural San Joaquin Valley by facilitating access to lawful immigration status
ILRC Comment on Temporary Final Rule Automatically Extending Employment Authorization Documents
On June 6, 2024, the ILRC submitted a comment in support of DHS’s temporary final rule (TFR) providing automatic extensions of employment authorization documents. The TFR specifically requested comment on whether the measure should be permanent and how long permanent automatic extensions should be. The ILRC wrote in support of a long and permanent auto-extension policy to ensure that applicants are not harmed by administrative delays that lead to lapses in document validity.
ILRC Comment on Changes to U Visa Forms
On May 17, 2024, the ILRC provided comment to USCIS on proposed changes to the forms to apply for a U Visa. This is the second time that ILRC provided comment on proposed changes and USCIS accepted some of our previous comments in the newest version. We reiterated some previous requests in response to the agency’s changes and also requested that USCIS extend grace periods for the old forms to mitigate the harm to applicants who would have had to get new law enforcement certifications on new forms, which USCIS granted.
ILRC comments on Form N-648 with DREDF
On July 15, 2024, the ILRC along with Disability Rights Education and Defense Fund (DREDF) provided comment on Form N-648, Medical Certification for Disability Exceptions. ILRC and DREDF urged the agency to remove a question that conflates the disability exceptions for English and civics testing with waivers for the oath of allegiance.
ILRC Comments on Proposed Marijuana Rescheduling
On July 23, 2024, the ILRC provide comment on the Biden Administration’s proposed re-scheduling of marijuana. The ILRC advocated for the complete de-scheduling of marijuana instead of rescheduling. The comment highlighted the racist impacts of maintaining marijuana on the schedule of controlled substances and the lack of any mitigating effect that rescheduling will have on immigration consequences of marijuana-related crimes
Driver Prosecutions, Immigrants, and "Smuggling" in Texas
Texas authorities have expansively interpreted a 2024 law that imposes a 10-year mandatory minimum sentence on people convicted under the state's smuggling law to include giving rides to undocumented people, The Immigrant Legal Resource Center (ILRC), Human Rights Watch (HRW), Detention Watch Network (DWN), and AJA Advocacy Solutions said this report highlighting the law’s harm. The brief states that most people prosecuted for smuggling in Texas are young US citizens. Texas law enforcement officers have a troubled track record with identifying alleged smugglers, and now the state has raised